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In a recent episode of the Healthful Woman podcast, Dr. Sara Kostant joins Dr. Nathan Fox to discuss prenatal care in each trimester. From confirming the pregnancy to preparing for delivery, prenatal care is essential in monitoring the health of both mother and baby. Each stage of pregnancy has unique milestones, and understanding what happens during these phases helps parents feel more informed and prepared.

First Trimester

The first trimester focuses on confirming the pregnancy and establishing a due date. Pregnancy care providers usually calculate gestational age from the first day of the last menstrual period, but an ultrasound may be used for accuracy because menstrual cycle length can vary. These early visits confirm the pregnancy’s viability and ensure it is developing in the uterus and not in the fallopian tube (an ectopic pregnancy). Medical history is reviewed, and providers discuss lifestyle recommendations, such as proper nutrition, prenatal vitamins, and what to avoid in pregnancy.   Prenatal blood tests, including genetic screening options are introduced. This is a critical time to address  symptoms such as nausea and fatigue,  and answer questions to set the foundation for a healthy pregnancy. Dr. Sara Kostant states, “At about 12 weeks, most patients will have an ultrasound called the nuchal translucency ultrasound, and that’s part of the genetic testing, and that kind of closes the first trimester. Usually after that, the visits are about every four weeks.”

Second Trimester

During the second trimester, prenatal appointments typically happen every four weeks if a pregnancy is uncomplicated.  This period focuses  on monitoring the baby’s development through detailed anatomy ultrasounds, usually around 16 and 20 weeks. These ultrasounds check for potential conditions like spina bifida and heart defects, providing reassurance that the baby is developing as expected. As many mothers begin to feel better physically, this trimester is often recommended as the best time to travel.  Since this is often the most comfortable stage of pregnancy, it’s a great time to ask questions, plan ahead, and enjoy the experience.

Third Trimester

The third trimester brings more frequent monitoring to ensure both mother and baby are ready for a safe delivery. Visits become twice weekly, starting at 28 weeks and then weekly after 36 weeks. Care during this time focuses on checking the baby’s position, screening for gestational diabetes, and monitoring for signs of high blood pressure. Providers may also discuss birth plans and help prepare parents for labor. If the baby is not in the optimal position for birth, interventions to turn the baby to head first position might be considered. Weekly visits allow providers to closely track progress, answer any last-minute questions, and ensure that both mother and baby are on track for a healthy delivery.

Learn More 

To learn more, listen to the full podcast episode of Healthful Woman, which discusses prenatal care in depth. If you have questions or need additional support, contact Maternal Fetal Medicine Associates in New York through the online contact form for personalized care throughout your pregnancy.

Maternal Fetal Medicine blogs are intended for educational purposes only and do not replace certified professional care. Medical conditions vary and change frequently. Please ask your doctor any questions you may have regarding your condition to receive a proper diagnosis or risk analysis. Thank you!